>"Ha'KHALUTZ" in Gombin
Among the collection of photos of my father, he has one
photo taken around 1935 ? , of "HAKHALUTZ" movement,
the Zionist pioneering movement, in Gombin.
According to my father, it is one of the most important
pictures he has, since the meetings of "HAKHALUTZ" were
rather rare, not like Hashomer Hatza'yir
youth movement, from which he has tens of pictures.
Meir Holtzman was among the founders of "Hakhalutz" in
Gombin. Later they would apply to Abraham Zamosc, the
banker, with any question or problem. He was their
consultant, among the Zionist adults in Gombin.
While the question of "Aliya" rouse, (the immigration
to Eretz Israel), the young leaders of Hashomer
Hatzay'ir decided that they should also contribute
their share for the immigration of ADULTS, who were not
in Hashomer Hatza'yir; either too old, or retired for
various reasons, but the Zionist pioneer ideology
remained in their hearts.
All adults in the "KEN" of Hashomer Hatza'yir belonged
automatically to "HAKHALUTZ". Besides them, they
organized many other adults and just called them
"Khalutzim" - "pioneers".
"Hakhalutz" was the federation of all the youth
movements,
preparing for "Aliya", under the ideological
"umbrella"
of the Zionist Labor Movement, aiming to immigrate to
Israel and settle in Kibbutzim! In the whole of Poland
other such youth movements were "Dror", "Gordonia",
"Akiva" and others. In Gombin was active only Hashomer
Hatza'yir.
The heroic chapter of the members of all those
movements,
later in the Holocaust is well known and should never
be forgotten in the history of the resistance to the
Nazi Opressor (most known the Warsaw Ghetto uprising,
Bialistock and many many others).
Many books were written about "Hakhalutz", which
operated all over Europe, imbibing Hebrew and Hebrew
culture,
spreading the ideology of Zionism and socialism and
mainly erecting "Kibbutz Hakhshara" (preparatory
Kibbutzim in farms in Poland and other countries,
before Aliya). The first group founded in Russia in
1905.
Among the most important "Kibbutz Hakhshara" were
"Slowodke" in Galicia, Groczow near Warsaw, Keidany in
Lithuania, "Tel Chai" in Krim Russia, Hashomer Hatza'yir in
Czestochowa (where my father trained youngsters for a
year and a half), "Massada" of Gordonia in Romania and
others.
The activities of Hakhalutz continued, for a much
smaller scale, also after WWII, when Zionist
"Shlikhim" -
"messengers" from Eretz Israel were involved in
erecting
Kibbutzim and children homes in order to help and
organize the immigration of the survivors in the
refugee
camps, in the framework of "Hakhalutz".
The picture of "Hakhalutz" in Gombin:
Standing, top row, from left to right:
1) Nuto Kutnowski
2) Pesach Suchoczewski
3) Moisze Gelbert (brother of Rivka Aloni).
4) Pinchas Gostynski (my uncle).
5) Chanan Friedland, first cousin of George Zolna.
6) Shmuel Glickzeliger (changed to "Golan")
7) Name not remembered
8) Name not remembered
9) Name not remembered
10) Raphael ? (surname not remembered). The founder of
"Haoved" ("the Worker") movement in Gombin.
Standing below Shmuel Glickzeliger:
11) Avraham Etinger
Standing, second row, from left to right:
12) Channale Topial
13) Tzivia Bauman
14) Chanale Tayfeld (now "Shane", lives in Michigan
USA)
15) Moshe Ettinger
Sitting, from left to right:
16) Channale Jurkowska
17) Meir Holtzman
18) Rivka Makower
19) Zelig Ettinger
20) Yosek Rak
21) Natan ("Nucik") Lipszic
Lying down, in the center of the picture:
22) Nussen "Rashowitz" - Natan (Woideslawski) Weiss.
We keep their legacy of Zionism and their sacred memory
all through our lives.
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